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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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time
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041789
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04178900.033
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1990-09-17
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WORLD, Page 38HIGH SEASDisaster Strikes a Soviet SubAn advanced prototype burns and sinks, stirring nuclear fears
Far below the surface of the chilly Norwegian Sea, perhaps as
deep as 2,000 ft., the submarine was running quietly and swiftly.
With its tough titanium hull and liquid-metal-cooled nuclear
reactors, the 361-ft. Mike-class vessel was one of the
deepest-diving and fastest-running attack subs in Moscow's fleet.
Then, late one morning last week, a submariner's worst nightmare
became reality: fire broke out. The sub managed to reach the
surface about 320 miles off the northern coast of Norway. As it
wallowed, many of the 95 crew members rushed to life rafts and
paddled away. A small flotilla of Soviet vessels sped to pick up
survivors and also tried to tow the sub to safety. But rough seas
and winds gusting to 46 m.p.h. soon dashed the effort. About six
hours after the emergency began, the vessel sank in water more than
4,500 ft. deep, where even its tough hull would crumple like foil.
At least 50 crewmen may have died.
Throughout the region, fears stirred at the prospect of
uncontrolled radioactivity beneath the sea. Along with its
reactors, the Mike-class sub was equipped to carry nuclear-armed
cruise missiles. Soviet military spokesmen refused to say whether
any such weapons were aboard, but Moscow acted quickly to try to
dispel international concerns. Only hours after returning home from
London, Mikhail Gorbachev sent reassuring messages to President
Bush, British Prime Minister Thatcher and Norwegian Prime Minister
Gro Harlem Brundtland. The power plant on the stricken sub had been
shut down before the vessel sank, declared Gorbachev, who added,
"The possibility of a nuclear explosion and radioactive pollution
of the environment is excluded."
U.S. naval experts said it was too early to know if much
radiation would escape, though several nuclear subs have sunk
without serious leakage. Norwegian ships were instructed by Oslo
to take water samples in the accident area to gauge possible atomic
pollution.
The sinking was a sharp blow to the Soviet navy. The prototype
sub represented state-of-the-art Soviet design, impressive enough
to prompt concern in Washington that U.S. superiority in undersea
warfare might be imperiled. The Mike-class vessel was put in
service in 1984 and was the only one of its class afloat. Experts
believe it was used to test new design and propulsion features. The
sinking marked at least the fifth such Soviet loss in 30 years. In
the most recent major disaster, a Yankee-class Soviet sub burned
and sank in the Atlantic in October 1986. Three sailors died in the
incident, which occurred 1,000 miles off the coast of North
Carolina.